Canine anemia, which occurs when the body doesn't produce enough hemoglobin or red blood cells, can indicate a severe underlying condition. If you suspect your dog might have anemia, bring them to a veterinary clinic as soon as possible. The guide below will answer some common questions pet owners have about this condition so you can come to the appointment informed.

What to Know About Anemia in Dogs

What causes it?

The cause of the condition usually depends on the type of anemia the dog has. For example, aplastic or nongenerative anemia comes from the insufficient production of red blood cells, which may be caused by infectious diseases, certain medications, and bone marrow disease. Genetic disorders or exposure to toxins, including human medicine, can develop into methemoglobinemia. 

Blood loss anemia develops after severe blood loss from an accident, surgery, bleeding disorder, ulcers, cancer, or parasites like fleas and ticks. Some dog breeds, including cocker spaniels, labrador retrievers, miniature schnauzers, and shi tzus, are more susceptible to anemia. 

How can I tell if my dog has it?

The signs of anemia may vary since there are many potential underlying causes, but there is a set of common symptoms. Reach out to your veterinary clinic if you notice the following changes:

• Weakness and fatigue
• Loss of appetite
• Weight loss
• Vomiting
• Dark stool
• Pale gums
• Bruising
• Elevated heart rate

How is anemia in dogs treated?

Dogs with anemia require veterinary care to recover. Once they are diagnosed, the veterinarian will recommend a treatment program based on your pet’s age, health history, and underlying condition. 

For example, dogs with cancer will need chemotherapy, and those with parasites should be treated for removal. Treatments to manage blood loss include blood transfusion, bone marrow transfusion, and intravenous fluids.

Can I prevent it?

To keep your dog healthy, bring them to the veterinary clinic for regular appointments. Your vet will examine them for signs of illness and parasites, and if they detect symptoms of anemia early on, they can provide treatment before the problem worsens. 

At home, try to prevent conditions that can cause anemia. Keep your dog up-to-date on parasite prevention medication, store human food and medications out of reach, and give them food recommended by their veterinarian.

If your dog is showing symptoms of canine anemia, bring them to Johnson City Veterinary Hospital right away. Located in Broome County, NY, this veterinary clinic has a laboratory and testing technology, which their team of skilled veterinarians use to provide accurate diagnostics and effective treatments. The family-owned pet hospital is also an accredited, A+ rated member of the Better Business Bureau®. Call (607) 766-7387 today to schedule an appointment. To learn more about their services, visit them online.