When developing vacant land, you must know the pertinent features to ensure the project can continue successfully. Evaluating groundwater for possible contaminants is especially important, as many sites in Alaska use private wells to source water for drinking and other purposes. Scheduling groundwater sampling is crucial in this regard, but you should also understand what type of contaminants are most likely to be present.  

4 Common Groundwater Contaminants

1. Heavy Metals

Heavy metals, such as lead, arsenic, and mercury, can enter groundwater through natural sources, such as weathering of rocks and soil, or human activities, such as mining, industrial processes, and improper waste disposal.

If heavy metals are present in your groundwater, they can cause health issues such as kidney damage, nervous system damage, and developmental problems in children. It is important to have regular groundwater sampling to monitor the levels of heavy metals in your water supply.

2. Microorganisms

Microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, and protozoa, can contaminate groundwater sources through human or animal waste and other organic matter. These contaminants can cause illnesses such as diarrhea, dysentery, and infectious hepatitis.

To prevent the spread of microorganisms, it is important to maintain proper well construction and regular maintenance. Groundwater sampling can help identify the presence of microorganisms in your water supply, allowing you to take steps to disinfect your water and prevent the spread of disease.

3. Nitrates

Nitrates come from human and animal waste, fertilizers, and other agricultural activities. If nitrates are present in your groundwater, they can cause health issues such as methemoglobinemia, or “blue baby syndrome,” which can be fatal for infants. To prevent the spread of nitrates, it is important to limit the use of fertilizers and other chemicals near your well. 

4. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are a group of chemicals that are commonly found in groundwater due to industrial processes, improper waste disposal, and other human activities. These chemicals can cause health issues such as cancer, liver damage, and nervous system damage.

When you're concerned about the quality of the groundwater on a property, you can trust in GeoTek Alaska for accurate and efficient groundwater sampling. Based in Anchorage, they perform essential geophysical services using extensive knowledge and state-of-the-art tools, such as the Geoprobe®. They're also equipped to access hard-to-reach areas and insist on using environmentally friendly methods. Visit them online to learn more about their process and technology. You can also call (907) 569-5900 to discuss your needs with a knowledgeable representative.