Stick-shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) or “stick welding” for short, is the most common form of arc welding. While it’s considered simple compared to other styles, prospective welders will still need to brush up on its key principles and practice consistently before mastering the skill. Whether you’re considering a career in welding or simply looking to round out your skills, here’s everything you need to know about SMAW. 

A Beginner’s Guide to Stick-Shielded Metal Arc Welding

How Does SMAW Work?

This welding technique uses a stick-shaped electrode that carries an electrical current. The electrode is covered in flux, a compound of silicate and carbonate materials, which produces a shielding gas. This gas prevents atmospheric contaminants, such as oxygen and water vapor, from interfering with the weld.

To fuse two metals together, this method requires a constant current to create an electrical arc among the metals and the electrode. This allows them to melt, and once cooled, the molten pool forms a joint. The electrode provides the filler metal, and thus also melts and is incorporated into the joint. The flux compound dissolves after the weld is completed, forming a shield against contaminants. 

What Are Its Benefits?

Welders often choose SMAW due to its versatility. It can be used in a broad range of environments, including indoor and outdoor settings, since it doesn’t require any shielding. Unlike TIG and MIG welding, SMAW can also be used on corroded or dirty metals, making it a strong choice for oil and gas applications.

Because it requires minimal equipment, it’s portable and convenient. SMAW welding units can be powered by several courses, including gasoline or diesel. In addition to petroleum, this method is also commonly used in construction, structural welding, steel fabrication, field repair, shipbuilding and other marine applications, as well as the mining, nuclear, and aerospace industries.

Other reasons to choose SMAW is its low cost and relative ease of use. Materials and equipment are generally inexpensive. The process is simple to master through some practice, which is why it’s often a beginner-friendly way to break new welders into the field.

If you’re looking for a trusted team of welders to assist you in your project, turn to C & C Machine in La Crosse County, WI. As the community’s oldest metal fabrication shop, this company is staffed with experts who can complete your job with the utmost level of precision. Explore their full list of services online or call (608) 784-4427 to speak with a team member.