In building construction, the most common desirable surface is a smooth finish. However, smooth concrete finishes can sometimes crack, chip, or scale—a problem also known as spalling. When this happens, you’ll need concrete spall repair to prevent further deterioration and preserve the structure's appearance. Spalling can occur on exterior and interior concrete surfaces. But why does it happen and what can you do about it?

The Causes of Spalling

There are three leading causes of spalling: water damage, excessive pressure, and intense heat. Repeated cycles of freezing and thawing of water, especially when it permeates and gets trapped under the concrete, cause breaks and cracks on the topmost surface. The expansive pressure from freezing, when combined with crystallization of de-icing agents, further damages the concrete surface. De-icing chemicals let in more water underneath the concrete, causing the size and depth of spalling damage to increase when freezing happens. Heat is another factor that can necessitate concrete spall repair but it only happens at extremely high temperatures such as in the case of fires.  

How to Prevent It

Spalling is common in cold climates where de-icing agents are regularly used. It can also happen in climate areas with high traffic. To prevent spalled concrete, always use quality cement mix with the correct amount of water and proper application. Using excess water while smoothing out the surface creates a weak structure unable to withstand the repeated expansion and contraction during severe weather. Using a quality waterproofing sealer creates a barrier against the elements and is another way to protect your concrete. The sealer curbs water saturation into the concrete and shields against salt damage. You’ll need to re-apply the waterproofing periodically for maintenance, but once you notice the first signs of water-induced cracking, call for concrete spall repair immediately.  

When you need concrete spall repair, count on Central Pacific Specialty Contractors. Based in Aiea, HI, they are among the leading concrete contractors throughout the island of Oahu, offering top-notch installation and repair services such as waterproofing and pool construction. Call (808) 262-2527 to schedule an appointment or visit their website to see a list of their services.