Knowing how to identify gun jams and resolve the issue safely is an essential aspect of firearms training. Depending on what happens inside the firearm, it can result in different malfunctions that prevent it from firing again until you clear the jam. Here are several types of jams so that you can identify and correct the problem.

How Can a Pistol Malfunction & Jam?

1. Hang Fire 

This type of jam occurs when you pull the trigger but you don't see a bullet hit the target or feel any recoil, only for the round to fire a few seconds later. This delayed response could be caused by a failing firing pin, defective spring, or issues with the round's primer. If you don't feel the round fire immediately at the shooting range, continue to hold your stance for a few minutes so that the gun can complete the ignition process.

After the round fires, unload the firearm, engage the safety, and look for the affected cartridge on the ground. Inspect it for contamination, primer indentations, or any other cause for concern. If the round never goes off after you pull the trigger, a misfire could be the reason. This happens when the primer is defective and cannot ignite the gunpowder.

2. Cartridge Feed Failure

When you are firing a gun, always maintain a firm grip, as this ensures only the slide moves due to the recoil. When your grip isn't tight enough, the firearm can move more than necessary, interrupting the feeding process. This prevents the next round from entering the chamber properly.

This can also occur due to a damaged magazine, carbon buildup in the chamber, weakened magazine springs, and bad cartridges. To remedy the problem, remove the magazine, clear the unfired bullet, and clean the chamber. Then, insert the magazine and try firing again.

3. Casing Ejection Failure

After you fire a round, the casing should leave the chamber through the ejection port. If it doesn't, you might see it sticking in the port and resting perpendicular to the slide. This often occurs when the chamber is dirty or corroded. To expel the cartridge, take your finger off the trigger and tap the magazine to ensure it is seated correctly. Then, rotate the pistol so that the ejection port is facing the ground and the barrel is pointed downrange. Next, grip the slide, pull it all the way back, and then release it.

Whether you want to purchase a new gun or need help fixing issues with your weapon, contact Shooter's Firearms & Indoor Range in Columbia, IL. Since 2006, the shop has been offering high-quality firearms and concealed carry training to residents throughout Monroe County. Visit them online to learn more about their services, and call (618) 281-6393 to speak with a team member about your needs.