Sunburn is a condition often associated with the skin. As a result, most people overlook protecting their eyes from the ultraviolet light that leads to photokeratitis—more commonly known as optical sunburn, which leads to them needing an eye doctor. Whether you're heading to the beach on a sunny day or taking a walk in the park on a partly cloudy day, it's smart to wear sunglasses designed to fully block UV rays. Here's a closer look at photokeratitis and how to avoid it. 

A Guide to Optical Sunburn

Health Risks 

Long exposure to UV rays without proper optical protection can lead to photokeratitis. Before the condition worsens, most patients experience symptoms like headache, sensitivity to bright light, and temporary vision loss. Although the condition heals within 24 to 48 hours in most cases, frequent long sunlight exposure can increase the risk of eye problems. 

When UV rays pass through your eyes during lengthy exposure, they break down the optical lens's proteins, which can cause cataracts. Additionally, exposure to UV radiation, specifically UVB, can cause intraocular cancer.

Treatment

Because photokeratitis usually goes away within two days, symptom management is the most common treatment. Nonprescription remedies, such as resting the eyes and applying a cold compress, are often helpful. If the pain persists, try applying a nonmedicated ointment to ease the soreness. 

If these measures don't work, try over-the-counter medication for pain relief or seek the advice of an eye doctor. Lastly, avoid rubbing your eyes and putting makeup on because these actions can further irritate the corneas.

Prevention

Before going out on a day with even moderate sun exposure, wear sunglasses with UVA and UVB protection. Most economical sunglasses have low-level UV protection, but it's wise to invest in sunglasses with a label that says 100% protection against UV 400. 

If you enjoy outdoor water activities, try wraparound sunglasses that can protect your eyes from UV rays reflected by the water coming from the side. Additionally, a wide-brimmed hat can provide optical protection.

If you need an eye consultation, visit Daniel J. Kroger OD in West Chester, OH. For over 25 years, this eye doctor has provided patients with an affordable and effective wide range of optical services, such as eye exams, eye care, and treatments for ocular disease. Learn more about the clinic's services on their website or call (513) 777-3936 to ask about appointment availability and schedule your visit.