A cracked tooth doesn't just impact your smile; it can come with significant discomfort and increase the likelihood of needing a tooth extraction. Because teeth can fracture in different ways, not all cracks are the same or pose identical risks. Nonetheless, it's important to see your regular dental care provider as soon as possible when a crack is present. Here's a closer look at five types of tooth cracks.

A Brief Guide to Tooth Cracks

1. Vertical

A classic crack is a vertical one that extends from the chewing surface down toward the root. It is not a complete fracture, which increases the likelihood that the tooth won't split and can be preserved intact. However, if the crack reaches and damages the pulp, a root canal or even tooth extraction may be needed.

2. Craze Line

Craze lines are tiny surface cracks in tooth enamel. They usually run vertically across a tooth and don't affect the gums. In most cases, they are harmless cosmetic issues and require no emergency care.

3. Fractured Cusp

A fractured cusp is a piece of tooth that breaks off entirely. It can reach the gumline or extend beneath it and, in most cases, doesn't damage the pulp. However, if it exposes the pulp, the risk of infection is greater, so a root canal may be needed. With a fractured cusp, you might not have any extreme pain, but sensitivity to temperature is not uncommon.

4. Split

When a crack runs from the surface to the root, it results in a split tooth, as the tooth is quite literally split into two sections. Unfortunately, this often means the tooth is unsalvageable, and extraction is the most logical solution. The only exception is for molars, which contain multiple roots, so certain intact portions of the tooth can sometimes be saved.

5. Vertical Root Fracture

Vertical root fractures originate in the tooth root, moving upward to the surface. They really only affect teeth that have had a prior root canal. Because they aren't usually accompanied by substantial pain, these fractures can easily be overlooked.

Never ignore a tooth crack, even a seemingly minor one. William U. Britton, DDS, MAGD, will diagnose the breakage and provide the best solution. For over 35 years, Dr. Britton has been serving the Chillicothe and Jackson, OH, areas. He offers general and emergency dentistry services, including preventive exams, crowns, root canals, and tooth extractions. Call (740) 772-2225 for an appointment or visit his website to explore his services.