Welding plays an integral role in numerous industries. From manufacturing and repair to aerospace and mining, you’ll find sophisticated welding tools in use. It’s also a useful skill and a rewarding hobby. Metal fabrication requires extreme temperatures and precision, and duty cycles ensure quality welds and efficiency. Here are four common questions about this aspect of welding that professionals often hear from beginners. 

Top Welding Duty Cycle FAQ

What are duty cycles?

Duty cycles determine how long you can use your welder in a 10-minute period before it will shut down from overheating. This technical specification is often listed directly on the welder or in the wire parameter information. For older devices, or if you don’t have the information on hand, check with the manufacturer. Duty cycles also rate power sources and the maximum current a welder can handle.

Why are they important?

You need to be aware of the duty cycle both for ensuring your welder is capable of handling serious workloads and that you don’t diminish the quality of the weld. Once you reach the duty cycle time limit, your welding pool will stiffen, leading to low-quality welds. These are both unsightly and may not properly hold metal pieces together.

How are they calculated?

You can determine your duty cycle by dividing and squaring the rated current and maximum current at the required duty cycle. Multiply the sum by the rated duty cycle, and that will be equal to the requirement. For a full explanation of the formula, consult with your American Welding Society® handbook – a key resource for welders at any experience level. 

What happens if it’s exceeded?

Initially, exceeding the duty cycle won’t create issues. Many machines will turn off on their own when they overheat. For those that don’t have this sensor, however, the welder may ignite if it continues to overheat unchecked. Make sure you have the proper safety equipment, from fire extinguishers to goggles and helmets, on hand in case of an accident. 

If you need welding products for an upcoming job, Wayne Oxygen & Welding Supply has a fully stocked inventory. Serving Waynesboro, Charlottesville, and Harrisonburg, WV, since 1959, they offer welding supplies and compressed gases. They proudly carry products from Lincoln Electric Company® and Miller Electric Manufacturing®, and their knowledgeable staff will work with you to ensure you have everything you need. Call (540) 942-4145 to speak with a sales associate and visit their website to explore their services.