Gum disease is a common oral health condition that often goes unnoticed in the early stages. It begins with gingivitis, which is a mild infection and inflammation of the gums. Left untreated, this can progress to more serious stages like periodontitis, which can risk tooth loss and jawbone recession. Many people are unaware of this condition, so it's natural to have questions. Here are the answers to the most common ones.

A Brief Guide to Gum Disease

What is gum disease?

This term is used to describe various stages of infection involving the soft tissue that helps support the teeth. Gingivitis is the early stage; if left untreated, it can progress into early, moderate, and advanced periodontitis. In its advanced stage, gum disease can lead to severe health issues. 

Unfortunately, some form of periodontal disease affects roughly 47% of adults over the age of 30. Risk factors include smoking, underlying conditions like diabetes, and poor oral hygiene.

What are its symptoms?

Some of the most common symptoms of gum disease are red swollen gums and bad breath. Gum sensitivity is the first warning sign, so if you notice any pain, tenderness, or blood when brushing, see your dentist. 

Bad breath is caused by an imbalance of bacteria, which usually happens after gingivitis progresses into more serious stages. Over time, this condition may cause receding gumlines, sensitivity, or even shifting teeth. Eventually, tooth loss is a significant risk as the jawbone supporting the roots begins to deteriorate.

Is it reversible?

Gingivitis can be treated and reversed, but as it progresses, any lost gumline is unlikely to return. This is why early treatment is essential when periodontal disease is still gingivitis. If the infection spreads to the jawbone, there may be irreversible changes that occur. 

Treatment options include deep cleaning, medication, antibiotic gels, enzyme suppressants, surgery, and more. Your dentist will create a personalized plan based on your stage of gum disease and associated symptoms. 

Can gum disease be prevented?

Though gingivitis is extremely common, it and the more severe periodontal disease can be prevented with proper oral hygiene care. This includes brushing your teeth for two minutes twice a day and flossing every day. You may also want to include a mouthwash to help rinse away bacteria. 

It's equally important to see a dentist twice a year for regular cleanings and oral exams. You should also quit smoking, eat a balanced diet, and try to get an adequate amount of rest each night. See your dentist if you begin to notice any symptoms for early intervention. 

If you're concerned about gum disease, contact Drs. Bradford and Catchings Family Dentistry in Fisherville, VA. Their team has been providing residents of the Shenandoah Valley with comprehensive dental care since 1991. By using affordable and effective solutions, you'll enjoy optimal oral health delivered by compassionate and friendly dental care professionals. These services include gum disease treatment, regular cleanings, dental implants, cosmetic dentistry, and more. To learn more about their practice, visit their website. Call (540) 213-1966 to make an appointment today.