If you work in an engineering or mechanical field, you likely work with both hydraulic and pneumatic systems. While these two types of devices both create motion and fulfill specific roles, they use different methods. Hydraulic systems use liquids, while pneumatic tools utilize gases. Review this brief guide to discover how these systems work and their common applications.

How Do Hydraulic Systems Work?

Hydraulic systems use pressurized liquids to lift heavy items, push bulky objects, and produce high amounts of power. They use hoses, pistons, pumps, and cylinders to control the hydraulic fluids and direct the resulting pressure. 

These systems can use different liquids for various applications. Water-based fluids are nonflammable but provide less lubrication than other options. They're prone to evaporation, so they shouldn't be used at high temperatures. Most devices use petroleum because the substance is easily accessible. It offers optimal lubrication and resists corrosion. Synthetic fluids are also popular because they can withstand high temperatures and pressures.

Hydraulic systems are used for many purposes. Elevators, wheelchair lifts, turbines, dams, and forklifts all use pressurized fluids to perform their responsibilities. Your car might use a hydraulic braking system to keep you safe. Hydraulic devices can handle complicated tasks and heavy loads that other appliances can't. 

How Do Pneumatic Systems Work?

Instead of using liquids, pneumatic systems utilize pressurized gas or air. These devices often use gas compressors, air tanks, and hoses for a variety of applications. While pneumatic systems can't produce as much force as hydraulic ones, they're often used in sensitive environments because the compressed air can't contaminate its surroundings. These tools are often used in the biotech, food, pharmaceutical, and dentistry industries.

Pneumatic devices are often less complicated than hydraulic ones. They can pull in air from the surrounding environment, so they don't need storage tanks or require a lot of maintenance. They're also incredibly safe to use.

Since gas can be compressed, pneumatic systems are often used to absorb shocks. For example, suspension systems often use compressed air to prevent harsh impacts from affecting cars, bikes, and other vehicles. 

Nail guns, assembly lines, vacuum pumps, precision drills, and tampers all use gas to operate. These machines are easy to use and can last for many years. Because they use air, they're often more flexible than other products that require rigid components and air-tight seals.  

For high-quality hydraulic and pneumatic systems, turn to D & M Hydraulics Sales & Service in Waipahu, HI. These experts offer a broad range of products, including power tools, conveyor belts, and industrial pumps. Whether you need to replace hydraulic filters or want custom hoses for a specialized project, they'll ensure your need are met. Call (808) 671-2420 to learn more about their services, or see a list of their products online.