Affecting one in three Americans, bunions are bony bumps that form at the base of the big toe as a result of misaligned bones. Gradually, the joint begins to tilt further toward the small toes, changing the shape of the foot. This misalignment can have more severe complications over time, potentially developing bone spurs, bursitis, hammer toes, or osteoarthritis. Fortunately, through the help of a podiatrist, patients with this condition can manage or correct it. 

What Causes Bunions?

While wearing tight or narrow shoes and standing a long time can agitate a bunion, shoes and standing aren't what causes them. Bunions are caused by genetics, a foot injury, or an inflammatory disease like rheumatoid arthritis, where the immune system attacks the joint lining. Foot mechanics and structure are what drive this condition. 

When the toe joint is pulled out of alignment, the protrusion that occurs on the outside of the big toe tends to rub against the shoes, making it raw and sore. This condition can occur on one or both feet and is most prevalent in older adults. While less common, it can also develop on a pinky toe.

How Are Bunions Treated?

If you are having trouble walking, notice decreased big toe mobility, or severe inflammation, call your podiatrist. There are plenty of over-the-counter medications, tapes, or cushions for relieving symptoms, but to correct the bunion, you need the help of a professional. 

A foot specialist can recommend orthotic devices, like custom shoe inserts that support proper alignment, or a splint or toe spacer that can be worn at night. For pain, massage, physical therapy, or ultrasound therapy are effective for breaking up soft tissue and reducing inflammation. 

While not a long-term solution, you can use steroid injections for pain and swelling. If non-surgical treatments aren't effective, surgery may be the next step. A bunionectomy involves realigning the bones and removing the knobby bump.

When your feet aren't functioning as they should, everyday tasks can become a big challenge. When residents of Fairview Park or Twinsburg, OH, need the skills of an expert podiatrist, they turn to Dr. Eric D. Trattner. This foot specialist treats a wide variety of conditions, including heel pain, bone spurs and bunions. To see a full list of services, visit the website. To schedule an appointment, call (440) 333-5350 or (330) 405-3301.