Hammertoe is an abnormal bend in the middle joint of the toe that causes it to curl downward rather than point straight ahead. The condition can produce pain and pressure in the foot, and wearing restrictive shoes, walking, or even just moving the toes can be extremely uncomfortable. Here’s more about the condition, its causes, and how to prevent and treat it.

Causes

Hammertoe is the result of an imbalance in the muscles, ligaments, and tendons that position the toe at the proper angle. A few common triggers can cause this deformity. The most prevalent is restrictive footwear, like high heels or other shoes that place pressure on and limit the natural movement of the toes.

Foot trauma is another common cause; stubbing or breaking a toe can damage the middle joint and prevent it from healing properly. Some people have a natural imbalance in the middle joint, which makes the toe less stable and more likely to develop into a hammertoe.

Prevention & Treatment

To prevent this condition, limit how often you wear high heels and other restrictive footwear. Look for shoes that have wide and deep toe boxes and allow you to comfortably wiggle your toes.

Use a pumice stone to remove the corns and callouses that often develop on the middle joint and exacerbate pain. Keep the toes strengthened by exercising them: extend, curl, and splay them to increase stamina.

For milder cases of hammertoe, switching to a roomier shoe may be enough to alleviate pain and correct the issue. Pads or shoe inserts may also help relieve discomfort. A foot doctor can prescribe more targeted exercises that will build up strength in the toes. In severe cases, there are surgical interventions worth exploring, such as the release of the tendon or removal of the bone that prevents the toe from lying flat.

If you have a hammertoe, always visit a foot specialist to ensure prompt treatment. Dr. Eric D. Trattner is a podiatrist serving patients throughout Cleveland, OH. He offers comprehensive solutions for a variety of foot problems, including hammertoes, bunions, corns, calluses, ingrown nails, and heel and arch pain. Call (440) 333-5350 to schedule an appointment, and explore services on the website.