The temporomandibular joints (TMJ) are located in front of your ears on either side of your face. These hinges connect the jawbone to your skull and assist with movement, so when they're not functioning properly, it can become painful and difficult to eat and speak. If you're thinking of seeing a dentist about the possibility of TMJ disorder, you may have some questions about the condition. Here are the answers to the most common.

What to Know About TMJ Disorder

What causes TMJ disorder?

TMJ disorders occur when the joints become strained or damaged. This can be the result of a jaw injury, trauma to the mouth, misaligned teeth or jaw, and inflammatory musculoskeletal conditions like arthritis. 

Bruxism, or teeth grinding, is a common cause that often goes unnoticed because it usually happens during sleep. Most people are unaware they're doing it, but you might regularly wake up with a tight or sore jaw and experience worn or fractured teeth and increased sensitivity to cold or hot sensations over time. If you sleep with a partner, they may be able to hear your teeth grinding at night.

What are the symptoms?

The most typical signs of TMJ disorder include:

• A clicking noise when you open and close your mouth
• Pain or tenderness in your jaw or joints
• An aching sensation in and around the ears
• Increased sensitivity to sound
• Chronic headaches
• Reduced movement or "locking" of the jaw
• Difficulty chewing

TMJ issues sometimes go away on their own. They're generally only considered a problem if they cause long-term pain or limit movement, so talk to your dentist about your symptoms.

How are TMJ issues treated?

If your TMJ disorder is caused by bruxism, your dentist will most likely recommend fitting you with a custom mouthguard. This may help protect your teeth and discourage unconscious clenching. 

In cases where more conservative options have not been effective, surgery may be necessary. There are many surgical solutions available, so your dentist will make suggestions based on your age, current dental health, and the type and cause of your TMJ disorder.

How can I relieve TMJ pain?

Some dentists might teach you gentle jaw stretches and show you how to properly position your tongue, teeth, and lips. This can relieve stress on the joints and allow your jaw to relax. Over-the-counter medication can also help reduce pain. In cases of severe discomfort, prescription pain relievers or muscle relaxants may be prescribed.

When you need professional treatment for TMJ disorder, count on Jim S. Caudill, DMD, PSC, to find an effective solution. Based in Hazard, KY, this family-friendly practice has been offering cutting-edge oral health care and cosmetic dentistry for over 45 years. Dr. Caudill and his staff are committed to providing every dental service you need for a bright, healthy smile, from routine teeth cleaning and gum disease treatment to dental implants and teeth whitening solutions. Visit their website to learn more about their services. To make a dentist appointment, call (606) 436-3432.