Many women across the United States are affected by cancer each year, and gynecological cancers are especially troublesome. These forms affect a woman’s reproductive organs and can begin in different places within the pelvis. Understanding the early warnings and risk factors allows you to see oncologist promptly, as treatment plans are unique to each type. Here are several variations of this type of cancer.

What Are Common Forms of Gynecological Cancer?

1. Vaginal 

This originates in the lining of the vagina. While this disease can cause unusual vaginal bleeding, pain, problems with urination, precancerous and early stages may not result in symptoms. One of the most reliable indications of this issue is a lump within the vagina, which is why women should visit the gynecologist regularly. This allows them to detect the disease before it escalates. If you are diagnosed with this form, an oncologist may recommend surgery, radiation therapy, or chemotherapy.

2. Cervical

The cervix has two types of cells, squamous and glandular. Cervical cancer is caused by abnormal changes in either cell type, which can cause vaginal discharge and abnormal vaginal bleeding, odor, and pain. However, these symptoms often don't appear until the cells are cancerous. While this is dangerous, it is the most preventable type of gynecological cancer. With regular screenings and Pap tests, a gynecologist can often detect abnormalities early. If they notice issues, they may perform a colposcopy to observe the cervix through a magnifying scope. If the cells are cancerous, treatment often involves surgery to remove them, as well as chemotherapy and radiation.

3. Endometrial 

This cancer begins when cells grow abnormally and rapidly in the lining of the uterus, known as the endometrium, which is what the body sheds each month during a menstrual cycle. Like other forms, the most common warning sign is unusual vaginal bleeding.

If you experience this, schedule a rectovaginal exam. Depending on the results, your doctor may recommend an endometrial biopsy or an ultrasound to see inside the uterus. Often, treatment involves a hysterectomy, which is when an oncologist removes the uterus. They may also remove affected lymphnodes.

4. Ovarian 

Ovarian cancer is the seventh most common cancer among women. This form encompasses three subgroups: stromal cell, germ cell, and epithelial. This cancer often causes unusual bloating and difficulty eating or feeling full quickly. Women may also experience abdominal or pelvic pain and trouble urinating. If you experience these symptoms, keep track of the frequency. If they occur daily for several weeks, visit a gynecologist. Diagnosing ovarian cancer early improves the prognosis, as surgery and chemotherapy are more effective.

If you are diagnosed with gynecological cancer or have questions about it, contact Tennessee Plateau Oncology - Dirk Davidson M.D., in Crossville, TN. These oncologists serve residents throughout the Cumberland Plateau and have over 100 years of combined experience identifying and treating a variety of cancers. Visit them online for more information about their services, and call (931) 484-7596 to schedule an appointment.