Most people dread the idea of a toothache and a trip to the dentist, but that uncomfortable, dull ache isn't always synonymous with a cavity. Sometimes, it can indicate a tooth abscess—a pocket of pus that develops in your mouth due to a bacterial infection. An abscessed tooth can be painful and lead to serious health complications, so it’s crucial to see a dentist if you think you have one. Here's what you should know. 

Symptoms

Abscesses may not cause immediate discomfort, but as the infection worsens, pus accumulates, causing the area to throb and hurt. You may notice red, swollen gums, and as the infection progresses, your face can swell, too. 

If you notice sensitivity when chewing or if touching your teeth hurts, you might have an abscess. The pain can also radiate to your neck, jaw, and ears and cause lymph nodes to swell. Fever, loose teeth, and bad breath caused by the formation of pus also signal an abscess. 

A bump on your gums that’s filled with pus is likely to be an abscess. If it ruptures, pus will ooze out, and you'll suddenly have a foul taste in your mouth. You may experience pain relief, but a dentist should still clean the area to prevent the infection from spreading. 

Types & Causes

Abscesses fall into three categories, with each type occurring because harmful germs have multiplied in the mouth. They are: 

• Periapical Abscess: This type grows at the tip of a tooth’s root. If there's a crack or cavity in a tooth, bacteria enter the openings and reach the pulp, containing nerves and blood vessels. From there, bacteria invade the roots and infect the surrounding bone, creating pus.
• Periodontal Abscess: This type affects the gums and bone. The cause is usually bacteria from excessive plaque buildup and gum disease. It attacks the gums and bone, making them vulnerable to infection.
• Gingival Abscess: This type forms on the gums if food or other particles get stuck between teeth and aren’t removed, letting bacteria thrive and causing severe dental issues.

Treatments

A dentist can cut and completely drain the area of pus. After, the site is sanitized with saline to kill any remaining bacteria. A root canal is typically necessary to correct periapical abscesses. The process removes the infected pulp from inside the tooth and around the root. The area is sealed, and a crown is placed for added protection. In extreme cases where the abscess has caused major decay, a tooth may be removed to eradicate the infection.

If you suspect you have a tooth abscess, turn to Gregory Sy, DDS, & Associates for reliable care. The practice in Amherst, OH, offers various services to keep your mouth healthy and your smile bright, including ultrasonic cleaning, implants, whitening, and veneers. They strive to connect with each patient on a personal level and deliver a positive experience. Visit the website for further details on periodontal care, or call (440) 282-9550 to schedule a visit.