For many women, an annual checkup with their OB-GYN provider includes a Pap smear. This important test screens for cervical cancer, which is highly treatable when caught early. Because this test is conducted as part of an overall cervical exam, it's common to be apprehensive or uncomfortable the first time. To help reduce your nerves and better understand what to expect and why Pap smears are so important, refer to the following guide.

What All Women Should Know About Pap Smears 

What is a Pap smear and how is it done?

A Pap smear is a screening test that examines cervical cells for signs of cancer and identifies abnormalities that indicate the potential for future cancer. The test is usually done during a regular OB-GYN appointment. A cell sample is collected and sent to the lab for analysis. The entire process only takes a few minutes, and should not hurt. 

Do Pap smears detect HPV? 

The most common cause of cervical cancer is human papillomavirus (HPV), a sexually transmitted infection. Although the majority of people who contract HPV clear the virus without issue, a long-lasting infection can lead to cancer. For that reason, many OB-GYN providers also test for HPV when they perform Pap smears. The Pap smear itself does not test for HPV, so a separate test is necessary. 

How often do women need Pap smears?

OB-GYNs recommend that women start getting Pap smears at age 21, and have one every three years until age 65. Women over age 30 may be able to have the test every five years if they also have an HPV test. You and your OB-GYN will determine the best testing schedule for your circumstances. Smokers, women with HIV or a weakened immune system, and those who have had abnormal test results in the past may need more frequent screening.

How do I prepare for a test?

To ensure the most accurate test results, doctors recommend avoiding sexual intercourse, douching, or using any type of topically applied vaginal medication before your Pap smear. Doing so can obscure or eliminate the cells that need to be collected. It's also easier to conduct the exam if you aren't menstruating, but if you cannot schedule your appointment any other time, it won't affect the results. 

If it is time to schedule a routine checkup and Pap smear, make an appointment with one of our providers at United Hospital District. Our friendly OB-GYN team is committed to developing relationships with every patient and becoming your partner in health. With locations in Blue Earth, Fairmont, Wells, and Winnebago, MN, it's easy for you to get the care you need. To make an appointment call (507) 526-7388 or visit our website to learn more.