Humpback whales are the most commonly seen species in Hawaii. The peak season for sightings is December to March when the magnificent creatures arrive from Alaska to give birth in warm waters. If you plan to enjoy whale watching, you’ll get more from the experience if you know what to look out for. Here are some of the behaviors you might witness.

A Guide to Humpback Whale Behaviors

1. Breaching 

Beaching is the term for when a humpback launches their whole body out of the water. The behavior is impressive when you consider that a humpback weighs 25 tons or more, and they might even do a breathtaking twirl in midair. Scientists believe that communication is the main reason for breaching.

2. Slapping

Humpbacks slap the surface of the water with different parts of their bodies, including their chins, pectoral fins, and tails. This might be done for communication, as a form of aggression, or simply because they’re enjoying themselves. 

3. Blowing 

Spray above the ocean is one of the first signs whale watchers see when a humpback is around. The spray is produced when the whale blows, breathing out the air they have been holding in while underwater. Adults can stay underwater for up to 45 minutes, while calves can usually hold their breath for three to five minutes.

4. Fluke Up Dive

When a humpback is doing a fluke up dive, you’ll see its tail sticking out of the water. This indicates a whale is about to plunge deep into the ocean, which provides an iconic photo opportunity for whale watchers.

The humpbacks’ tails, known as flukes, have unique markings similar to human fingerprints. This helps researchers track and identify different whales. 

5. Spy Hopping

While you’re out whale watching, they might be watching you too! Spy hopping is when humpbacks rise headfirst out of the ocean to take a look around. Once they’ve checked out their surroundings, they’ll dip back under the surface. 

If you’d like to see the amazing behavior of humpbacks in their natural environment, join a whale watching tour with Sea Maui. Based in Lahaina, HI, they take small groups of marine enthusiasts out for snorkeling trips and sunset cruises. Their excursions feature delicious pupus and an all-inclusive bar. Call (808) 732-6284 to book your tour, or visit their website for more information on their offerings.