If your child has been diagnosed with a germ cell tumor, you might have some concerns about what caused it and what it means for their health. Fortunately, a vast majority of children who receive proper treatment are able to lead long, healthy lives. The guide below answers common questions parents have for doctors about germ cell tumors.

What Parents Should Know About Germ Cell Tumors

What causes germ cell tumors?

As a baby develops in the womb, the reproductive cells of the body—known as germ cells—may start to grow abnormally. This out-of-control growth turns into a tumor. Although it usually occurs in an ovary or testicle, it can spread to the brain, pelvis, abdomen, chest, or tailbone. 

It is not fully understood why this change occurs. However, certain factors like genetic conditions, a family history of germ cell tumors, an undescended testicle, and birth defects in the central nervous system, genitals, urinary tract, and spine may increase a child’s risk.

What are the different types?

There are several kinds of germ cell tumors, some of which are cancerous. Here are the most common varieties:

• Teratomas: The most common germ cell tumor in the ovaries. Mature teratomas are benign, while immature or malignant teratomas are cancerous.
• Embryonal Carcinoma: This tumor often appears in the testes of adolescent boys. The cancer cells sometimes mix with other germ cell tumors.
• Yolk Sack Tumor: These are cancerous tumors that usually form in the ovaries or testicles. Yolk sack tumors are aggressive and can quickly spread to other areas of the body.
• Choriocarcinomas: This rare germ cell tumor can affect both the mother and baby.

How can I tell if my child has a germ cell tumor?

The side effects of a germ cell tumor may depend on where it is located. Common symptoms include abdominal pain or swelling, a lump on the lower back, near the anus, a solid testicular or ovarian mass, chest pain, wheezing, or shortness of breath, constipation or incontinence, or developing breasts, pubic hair, or menstruation at a young age.

What are the treatment options?

Once germ cell tumors are diagnosed, treatment is typically very successful. Your child’s treatment program will depend on several factors, including the location and size of the tumor, their age, and their health. Doctors often use chemotherapy to fight cancer, especially if it has spread to other areas of the body. They might recommend surgery to take out the tumor, which may also require the removal of the testicle or ovary and Fallopian tube.
 

If your child needs professional treatment for a germ cell tumor, turn to Taylor Regional Hospital. This team of experienced medical care providers has access to the latest treatments and state-of-the-art equipment, ensuring families throughout Campbellsville, KY, and surrounding areas receive the finest care. From oncology and pediatrics to nutritional services and a 24/7 emergency room, they are here to help you and your family remain happy and healthy. Call (270) 465-3561 to schedule an appointment with a doctor. To learn more about their cancer care center, visit their website.