Gum tissue is naturally delicate, making it prone to inflammation. Unfortunately, the same swelling that can be caused by simple irritation can also be a sign of a more serious issue. Having an idea of what might be going on inside your mouth can help you decide whether it's time to head to the dentist. Here is a brief guide to gum swelling. 

Causes of Swelling

Abscess

An abscess is a specific type of bacterial infection that involves a pus-filled sac forming around a particular tooth. Along with swelling, you are likely to experience throbbing pain, severe redness, and a foul taste in your mouth. Advanced gum disease, extensive tooth decay, or a broken or cracked tooth allowing bacteria to reach the pulp are the most common causes of abscesses. 

Infection

Not all infections lead to an abscess. Viral or fungal infections such as thrush can also cause localized swelling of the gums. Thrush is a yeast infection that typically affects the tongue and inner cheeks. However, it can spread to certain areas of your gums, causing white, irritated spots to form.

Gum Disease

There are two main types of gum disease: gingivitis and periodontitis. Gingivitis is a milder disease that can lead to gum recession, bad breath, and gum swelling. Periodontitis develops when gingivitis is left untreated. This more serious form of gum disease causes painful bleeding, inflammation, severe gum recession that results in loose teeth and abscesses. 

Treatment

The method your dentist uses to treat gum swelling will depend on the cause of the issue. An infection will require antibacterial or antifungal medication. Complications from gum disease may be managed with a form of deep cleaning known as scaling and root planting. Local anesthetic will be administered to prevent the discomfort related to extensive work below the gumline. 

Prevention

Nearly all cases of gum swelling can be prevented. Brush gently with a soft-bristled toothbrush and a non-abrasive toothpaste twice per day. Floss once each day. Visit your dentist at least twice yearly for a cleaning. These steps will keep your teeth and gums healthy, clean, and comfortable. 

If you're suffering from persistent gum swelling in Wisconsin, you can count on the highly skilled dentists at the Dental Clinic of Onalaska. Dr. Olsen and his associates have provided cosmetic, restorative, and preventative care to protect their patients' oral health since 1993. Visit their website or call (608)783-3341 to make an appointment or ask about flexible payment options.