A cataract is a cloudy spot on an eye’s lens that can interrupt vision. Surgery is the ultimate treatment option for any advanced cataract. There are many different kinds, but they can be loosely grouped by their cause. Here’s what you should know about the primary categories and their symptoms before contacting an eye doctor.

What You Should Know About Cataract Types

1. Genetic

This type is something you’re born with or that develops because of genetic conditions. For babies born with cataracts, treatment is only necessary if the clouding blocks vision. Examples include the Lamellar type, usually found in both eyes and sometimes forming a distinctive Y shape.

There are also the posterior and anterior polar locations, which are at the center of the lens in the front and back, respectively. These often cause no vision problems. Finally, Christmas tree formations refer to small crystals within the lens that are usually found in those with the genetic condition myotonic dystrophy.

2. Age-Related

This is the most common type and can begin to appear as early as your 40s. This category includes nuclear cataracts, which appear front and center in the lens of your eye. If not addressed, it may become brunescent, meaning that it will harden, brown, and become difficult to treat.

The cortical type, which is triangular and white, points toward the center of the eye from the outer edge, scattering light and making vision blurry. Finally, a posterior subcapsular cataract develops on the back side of the eye’s lens and may cause halos around light sources.

3. Injury- or Illness-Related

Any time the lens of your eye is damaged or disrupted, it can form a cataract while healing. This includes after corrective eye surgery, as in the case of post-vitrectomy instances and posterior capsule opacification.

Anterior subcapsular versions are caused by eye swelling; traumatic ones come from impacts, cuts, punctures, and burns; and too much exposure to UV waves from sunlight can cause radiation cataracts. Secondary cataracts form due to another medical condition or treatment—for instance, diabetic snowflake formations.

If you’re experiencing blurred vision, obstructions in your sight, or any changes in your eyes, visit Comprehensive Eye Care in Washington, MO, to check for cataracts. For 27 years, the clinic has offered Franklin County residents dedicated care from a board-certified ophthalmologist. To make an appointment, call them at (636) 390-3999 today. Call or reach out online to inquire about being part of a clinical trial, as the team has 20 years of participation in these trials and will help you apply.