From car theft and home burglaries to assault and murder, local, state and federal courts in the United States handle a wide range of cases. Attorneys who specialize in criminal law are involved in either the prosecution or defense of those who have been arrested for committing offenses. Here’s a quick guide on what criminal law is, as well as some common crimes and their punishments.

What Criminal Law Is

Criminal law deals with individuals and entities that have engaged in illegal activities. After they are arrested, they are tried in court and, if found guilty, either receive a prison sentence, pay restitution, or both. The length of the sentence and the amount to be paid as penalty depend on the severity of the crime and other factors. A key element in criminal law jurisdiction is the difference between a guilty mind and a guilty act. In legal terms, the former is known as “mens rea,” which means “guilty mind” in Latin. It means a person made an intent to commit an illegal act. A guilty act occurs when an individual moves beyond intent and actually engages in criminal activity.

Examples of Common Crimes

Some of the most prevalent criminal acts are murder, kidnapping, arson, rape, and theft. Geographic location may be a factor in how common crimes are. For example, illegal drug distribution can be less prevalent in certain areas, while child sex trafficking may be increasing in other communities. Hate crimes against people because of their race, gender, or religion are considered federal offenses with stiff penalties, especially if assault, property damage, or deaths are involved. Criminal law attorneys specialize in covering a number of criminal offenses.

Examples of Common Punishments

The types of punishments for criminal activity typically depend on the severity of the crime, whether the individual charged is a repeat offender, as well as other factors. Common punishments include prison sentences, financial restitution, probation, community service, and house arrest.

Monteleon Law Group in White Plains, NY, is the area’s premier criminal law firm. With a team of attorneys who possess extensive experience handling cases involving serious offenses, you can count on them for expert legal representation. Should you ever need their professional services, call (914) 564-5698 to schedule a private consultation.