Nearly half of American adults over the age of 30 have some form of periodontal disease. This condition occurs when plaque accumulates and hardens along the gumline, trapping bacteria that irritate and infect the gums. Gingivitis is the first stage of gum disease and, if detected early enough, is often reversible. Once it progresses to the more serious symptoms of periodontitis, it can only be managed, so it's wise to tackle it in the early phase with the help of a dentist. Here's a look at the most common signs of gingivitis and what can be done to restore gum health. 

How to Know You Might Have Gingivitis

1. Bleeding Gums

Gingivitis causes the gingiva, which is the part of the gums at the base of the teeth, to become irritated and tender as a result of exposure to bacteria in plaque. While brushing and flossing, this sensitive tissue might break, causing the gums to bleed, even if you use gentle motions. Your gums may also appear swollen, puffy, and take on a red coloration that's darker than the normal pink. 

A dentist can provide a thorough teeth cleaning to remove tartar—which is hardened plaque that a toothbrush can't remove—from tooth surfaces and beneath the gums. Biannual cleanings may stop gums from bleeding and prevent gingivitis from progressing into more severe periodontal disease. 

2. Gum Recession

When bacteria infect the gingiva, they gradually deteriorate the tissue. This can cause gums and connective tissue to start pulling away from the teeth, which is known as gum recession. When this happens, your teeth may appear longer than usual, and you might notice the formation of small pockets between the teeth and gums. 

If bacteria continue to accumulate in these pockets, they can lead to periodontitis, a more serious infection that involves deeper pockets and abscesses. The gums will recede more dramatically, and spaces may form between teeth, risking tooth loss. 

A dentistry provider can perform root planing and dental scaling, two procedures that involve using a manual or ultrasonic tool to promote the root's stronger attachment to the tooth and remove bacteria and tartar deeper beneath the gumline. This may help pockets in the gums close and assist with rebuilding lost tissue.

3. Bad Breath

As bacteria accumulate along the gumline and beneath the tissue, they may release noxious chemicals that give you bad breath, which is a condition known as halitosis. Even after brushing and flossing, you might still notice an unpleasant odor. 

Additionally, you may experience a foul taste in your mouth, caused by the tongue making contact with bacteria accumulations and decaying food particles stuck in gum pockets. If the gingivitis progresses to periodontal disease, bad breath and unpleasant tastes will likely worsen.

To freshen your breath, a dentist can provide thorough teeth cleaning to remove new plaque and hardened tartar. They'll also recommend brushing twice and flossing once daily to control bacteria growth and reverse the bad breath caused by gingivitis. With a dedicated oral hygiene routine and regular visits to the dental office, you'll have a strong chance of restoring your gums to their previous health.

For help conquering gingivitis and getting back to healthy gums, turn to Nicholas J. Hurley, D.D.S., P.A. This dentist provides thorough gum disease treatment and preventive dental care to clients throughout Thomasville, NC. Call (336) 476-1109 to book an appointment with this dentistry practice, and visit the website to learn more about how they'll help you keep your gums, teeth, and mouth healthy.