Extrusion is a manufacturing process that forces metal through a cylindrical tube to create complex pieces of material. Pre-shaped dies are set in place at the end of the tube to determine the appearance of the final product. 

The type of extrusion used depends on the material and the purpose of the piece. Here’s a closer look at the different methods to further understand how they might prove useful in future projects.

3 Types of Metal Extrusion

1. Direct 

Direct extrusion works best for materials that require heat to mold, such as copper, nickel, and magnesium. It fits the warmed piece of metal into one end of the tube and uses a mechanical or hydraulic ram to press through. 

Once it meets the die, which sits at the other end of the tube, the softened metal will conform to the shape and work its way to the other side. This technique is useful for creating pipes, rods, and engine rings. 

2. Indirect

Indirect extrusion is completely the opposite in that the hydraulic press and the die remain stationary while the tube containing the metal moves forward, pressing the material into the pre-set shape. 

This process nearly eliminates all frictional force, allowing manufacturers to produce products at a much faster rate. It's a common technique for shaping hard-to-form alloys, such as steel, titanium, and lead. 

3. Impact

Impact extrusion is ideal for softer materials that don’t require heat to mold, such as brass, tin, and aluminum. It places the metal in an indent along the surface of a mechanical press, using force from above to produce a specific shape. 

As the hammer drops, the weight causes the material to move upward, curving around the hammer. It’s best known for producing parts for appliances and machinery and hollow tubing with one end that's partially or completely closed.

For over 80 years, International Extrusions of Garden City, MI, has been known as the nation’s leading aluminum extrusion manufacturer. Their warehouses feature only the finest machinery for metal fabrication, and each of their technicians is highly experienced. They work with CAD-assisted technology to perfect their designs and offer some of the most competitive on-time delivery rates. For additional information on extrusions, visit their website. Call (734) 427-8700 to request a quote.