Gears are invaluable components used to deliver both power and motion between machine parts. They function in pairs so their teeth run against one another as they rotate, with one gear serving as the driving gear that provides the torque needed for it to move. Extensively used in fabrication and machining, gears are available in many varieties. Here are three common options.

5 Types of Gears You Should Know

1. Spur Gears

Spur gears feature straight teeth and they are popular because they’re easy to manufacture, install, and are highly efficient in controlling speed and torque. They’re situated straight in a parallel position to the machine shaft, so they work smoothly and efficiently to transport power and motion from one side to the other. They’re most often used to reduce speed and multiply torque, such as in the fabrication of crushers, aircraft engines, bicycles, and trains. 

2. Helical Gears

Helical gears share some similarities to spur gears, except their teeth are angled towards the machine shaft. Instead of running against one another in parallel motion, one gear is inclined against the other, so they come into contact gradually instead of all at once. This contributes to a smooth, quiet operation. These gears are used to transmit power, so they are typically installed on machinery that operates at high speeds or products that require a quiet operation, like air conditioning systems.

3. Bevel Gears  

When machine shafts intersect with one another at an angle or perpendicularly, bevel gears are used to transmit mechanical energy between the two. Shaped like cones, they’re usually used when the shafts meet at a 90-degree angle. While they are ideal for meeting specific orientation needs, they don’t transfer as much power as helical and spur gears. They do, however, contribute to effective torque control. They’re used in cars, aircrafts, and heavy equipment.

4. Worm

Worm gears differ considerably in their formation, consisting of a toothed wheel gear and a spiral gear that resembles a screw. The latter, or the “worm,” engages with the wheel, which then rotates and pushes on the load in question. Worm gears are beneficial for reducing speed or increasing torque, and are often used to tune musical instruments like guitars, mandolins, and banjos.

5. Spline

A spline is designed to unite a pair of shafts to force rotation and transfer torque. The splines, or the gear’s teeth or grooves, are worked into the shaft’s length, allowing it to exert greater control on a device. For example, it can prevent an object from rotating or transfer torque from one item to another. 
 

If you seek a company for fabrication or CNC machining, turn to Wilson Machine & Welding. Proudly serving clients throughout Cordova, Decatur, and Hillsboro, AL, since 1972, they offer a variety of services to ensure you receive the highest quality products that best meet your company’s needs. Visit the website to learn more about how they can help you, or call (205) 648-3203 to speak with a representative.